Menene batirin lithium kuma yaya suke aiki?

Menene batirin lithium ion, menene aka yi su kuma menene fa'idodin idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahar ajiyar batir?

Da farko da aka gabatar a cikin 1970s kuma Sony ya samar da shi ta kasuwanci a cikin 1991, yanzu ana amfani da batir lithium a cikin wayoyin hannu, jiragen sama da motoci.Duk da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda suka kai su ga ƙara samun nasara a masana'antar makamashi, batirin lithium ion suna da wasu matsaloli kuma batu ne da ke haifar da tattaunawa mai yawa.

Amma menene ainihin batir lithium kuma ta yaya suke aiki?

Menene batura lithium da aka yi?

An samar da baturin lithium daga maɓalli guda huɗu.Yana da cathode, wanda ke ƙayyade iya aiki da ƙarfin baturi kuma shine tushen ions lithium.Aanode yana ba da damar wutar lantarki ta gudana ta hanyar waje kuma lokacin da aka yi cajin baturi, ana adana ions lithium a cikin anode.

Electrolyte yana samuwa ne daga gishiri, kaushi da ƙari, kuma yana aiki a matsayin mashigar ions na lithium tsakanin cathode da anode.A ƙarshe akwai mai raba, shinge na jiki wanda ke kiyaye cathode da anode baya.

Ribobi da fursunoni na baturan lithium

Batura lithium suna da mafi girman ƙarfin kuzari fiye da sauran batura.Za su iya samun makamashi har zuwa awanni 150 (WH) na makamashi a kowace kilogiram (kg), idan aka kwatanta da batura hydride nickel-metal a 60-70WH/kg da kuma gubar acid a 25WH/kg.

Hakanan suna da ƙarancin fitarwa fiye da sauran, suna asarar kusan kashi 5% na cajin su a cikin wata ɗaya idan aka kwatanta da batir nickel-cadmium (NiMH) waɗanda ke yin asarar kashi 20% a cikin wata ɗaya.

Koyaya, batirin lithium shima yana ƙunshe da wutan lantarki wanda zai iya haifar da ƙananan gobarar baturi.Wannan shi ne ya haifar da mummunar konewar wayar salula ta Samsung Note 7, wanda ya tilasta wa Samsung soke samar da kumahasarar dala biliyan 26 a darajar kasuwa.Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan bai faru da manyan batura lithium ba.

Batura lithium-ion suma sun fi tsada don samarwa, saboda suna iya tsada kusan 40% fiye don samarwa fiye da batir nickel-cadmium.

Masu fafatawa

Lithium-ion yana fuskantar gasa daga wasu fasahohin batir da yawa, yawancinsu suna cikin matakin haɓakawa.Ɗayan irin wannan madadin shine batura masu ƙarfin ruwan gishiri.

Ƙarƙashin haɓaka ta Aquion Energy, an samar da su na ruwan gishiri, manganese oxide da auduga don ƙirƙirar wani abu da aka yi ta amfani da 'yawan kayan da ba su da guba da fasaha na zamani masu rahusa.'Saboda wannan, su ne kawai batura a cikin duniya waɗanda ke da takardar shaidar shimfiɗar jariri zuwa jariri.

Hakazalika da fasahar Aquion, AquaBattery's 'Blue Battery' yana amfani da cakuda gishiri da ruwa mai kyau da ke gudana ta cikin membranes don adana makamashi.Sauran nau'ikan batura masu yuwuwa sun haɗa da batura masu ƙarfin fitsari na Bristol Robotics Laboratory da batirin lithium ion na Jami'ar California Riverside wanda ke amfani da yashi maimakon graphite don anode, wanda ke haifar da baturi mai ƙarfi sau uku fiye da daidaitattun masana'antu.